Heat transfer processes that occur when working the ground-air heat exchanger of geothermal ventilation system are considered in this article. The heat balance in the elementary volume of ground-air heat exchanger is proposed on the basis of thermophysical processes. The main factors that affect the process of heat transfer between the outside air and soil was been determined. Initial conditions, which can be used in mathematical and physical modelling of horizontal ground-air heat exchangers for geothermal ventilation systems were selected article presents the experimental study for determining the intensity of radiant energy in the zone irradiated by infrared heaters with their parallel arrangement in relation to the distance between them.